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~ 4000 BC
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|
Egyptians learned to irrigate their fields, formed governments, and created belief systems
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|
~ 3500
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~ 3000BC
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Papyrus begins to be used in Egypt
|
|
~ 3300
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|
Upper and Lower Egypt have their own kings
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|
~ 3100
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|
Menes (Narmer) defeats the king of Lower Egypt, becomes Lord of the Two Lands; first dynasty begins
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~ 3000
|
|
Hieroglyphic writing is invented
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|
2686
|
2181
|
OLD KINGDOM; the pyramids are built
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|
~ 2650
|
|
Zoser (Djoser) transfers capital to Memphis; Imhotep builds Step Pyramid for him at Saqqara
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|
~ 2575
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~ 2465
|
Sneferu builds the Pyramid of Meidum, the Bent Pyramid at Dashur, the Red Pyramid, and the Black Pyramid
|
|
2575
|
2551
|
Sneferu rules
|
|
2551
|
2528
|
 Khufu (Cheops) rules and builds the Great Pyramid
|
|
2520
|
2494
|
Khafre (Chephren) rules Egypt; builds second pyramid at Giza and Great Sphinx
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|
2055
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1650
|
MIDDLE KINGDOM; Egypt achieved greatly in literature, art, and architecture
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|
~ 1991
|
|
King Amenemhet I and his successors increase Egypt's power
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|
1570
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1070
|
NEW KINGDOM
Egypt conquers other nations and builds an empire
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|
~ 1567
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1320
|
XVIII (18th) Dynasty; Amenhotep I; Book of the Dead begins to be placed in tombs
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|
~ 1500
|
|
Oldest scientific document known to exist is written
|
|
1512
|
1500
|
Thutmose I rules (Hatshepsut’s father)
|
|
1490
|
1469
|
Hatshepsut rules (with Thutmose II, then as regent for Thutmose III)
|
|
1490
|
1436
|
Thutmose III rules (step-son/nephew of Hatshepsut)
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|
~ 1482
|
|
Thutmose III builds a great empire
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|
1353
|
1335
|
 Amenhotep IV / Akhenaten rules Egypt
Capital moves to Tel-el Amarna
the Amarna period
|
|
1333
|
1323
|
Tutankhamun rules 
|
|
1323
|
1319
|
Aye (Ay) rules 
|
|
1306
|
1290
|
Seti I rules Egypt and strengthens the empire
|
|
1290
|
1224
|
Ramses II rules
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|
~ 1070
|
|
Egypt falls into decline
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|
~ 750
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~ 654
|
Napata the capital of Kush
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|
~ 750
|
|
Kashta conquers Upper Egypt and capital city of Thebes
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|
~ 700
|
|
Piankhy conquers the Nile Delta and Memphis, and finally all of Lower Egypt
|
|
671
|
|
Assyria strongest power in the Middle East
|
|
654
|
|
Assyrian troops expel the Kushites from Egypt
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|
591
|
|
Egyptian army defeats Kushite forces
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|
~ 590
|
~ 350 AD
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Meroë the is capital of Kush
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|
~ 400
|
|
Herodotus, the Greek historian, calls Egypt the "gift of the Nile"
|
|
332
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323
|
Alexander the Great conquers Egypt; recognized as pharaoh of Egypt
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|
~ 300
|
|
Manetho compiles the list of rulers of Egypt, the "History of Egypt"
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|
1 BC
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530 BC
|
 Cleopatra VII rules Egypt
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|
350 AD
|
|
King Ezana from Axum invades and conquers Meroë
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|
~ 700 AD
|
|
Cloth paper is introduced from Asia; papyrus declines in use
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