Pharaoh

Dates

Details

Menes (Narmer)

C3100 BC

Upper and Lower Egypt unite (Crown signified unit of Two Lands)

1^st dynasty (of 30 total dynasties)

Menes: legendary king

Narmer: historical king (Narmer Palette)

Zoser (Djoser)

c. 2650 BC

Capital at Memphis

Imhotep builds Step Pyramid at Saqqara, surrounded by a wall and false

   Doors (Previous tombs were mastabas)

Learned name of the Nile god, Khnum

Sneferu

c. 2575-2645 BC

Pyramid of Meidum, Pyramid at Dashur, Red Pyramid, Black Pyramid

Began Pyramid Age

Khufu (Cheops)

2551-2528

Builds Great Pyramid (Took 100,000 men 20 years to build)

Funeral boats buried around the pyramid

Khafre (Chephren)

2520-2494

Builds second pyramid at Giza and Great Sphinx

Amenemhet I

c. 1991 BC

Egypt’s power increased

Amenhotep I

C1567-1320

18^th Dynasty

Book of the Dead first placed in tombs

Thutmose I

1512-1500

Thutmose I rules; tombs in the Valley of the Kings

Hatshepsut

1490-1469

Hatshepsut rules Egypt “his majesty herself”

Married to Thutmose II, then ruled as regent for Thutmose III

Ruled 20 years on her own

Temple at Deir-el Bahri

Established trade routes to Punt to make Egypt rich

Thutmose III

1490-1436

Thutmose III rules Egypt (Hatshepsut’s step-son/nephew)

Conquered Syria, Palestine

Invaded Kush in 1400s BC

Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten)

1353-1335

Capital moves to Tel-el-Amarna; the Amarna Period

Egypt worships one god, the Aten

Nefertiti the queen (Miss O’s desk)

Tutankhamun

1333-1323

(Son of Akhenaten)

Only tomb found intact by Howard Carter in 1922

Aye

1323-1319

Visier and advisor to Tutankhamun; may have been responsible for his death. Married Tut’s widow, Ankhesenamun.

Seti I

1306-1290

Strengthens the empire

Ramses II

1290-1224

First treaty with Hittites; rules 67 years built grand tombs for himself, his wife Nefertari, and his many sons.

Greatest monument builder

Abu Simbel (67-foot statues built)

Kashta

c750

Conquers Upper Egypt and capital city of Thebes

Piankhy (Piye)

c700

Conquers Nile Delta and Memphis and finally all of Egypt

Successor, Shabaka, is first Kushite ruler of Egypt

671

654 BC

Assyrians attack Taharqa, Kushite ruler of Egypt

Assyrian troops expel Kushites from Egypt

591 BC

Egyptian army defeated Kushite forces

Alexander the Great

332-323

Recognized as pharaoh of Egypt

Cleopatra VII

51-30

Rules Egypt